信息通信技术与政策

信息通信技术与政策

信息通信技术与政策 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 46-54.doi: 10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2024.02.008

专题:综合算力 上一篇    下一篇

多样化算力对服务器的散热挑战分析

Analysis of thermal challenges in servers for diverse computing power

李建1, 阮迪2   

  1. 1.北京三快云计算有限公司,北京 100102
    2.中国信息通信研究院云计算与大数据研究所,北京 100191
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-27 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-03-12
  • 作者简介:
    李建, 北京三快云计算有限公司服务器研发架构师、热设计工程师,主要从事服务器散热架构及散热技术领域研究工作
    阮迪, 中国信息通信研究院云计算与大数据研究所助理工程师,主要从事算力中心技术研究和相关标准制定工作

LI Jian1, RUAN Di2   

  1. 1. Beijing SAN KUAI YUN Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
    2. Cloud Computing & Big Data Research Institute, China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2023-12-27 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-03-12

摘要:

多样化算力对于服务器散热设计提出严峻挑战,在对服务器散热问题进行解析之后,给出了通用算力和智算算力服务器散热受限的主要原因,并从工质是否相变的角度对常用的散热技术重新进行梳理与分类;对冷板式和浸没式液冷技术规模商用受限的核心限制因素进行分析与介绍;对常用的无源两相散热技术的问题和使用前景进行概述。最后,提出推动跨层级的合作会更有效的应对服务器散热挑战。

关键词: 多样算力, 服务器, 散热, 液冷, 无源两相散热, 跨层级合作

Abstract:

The diverse computing power presents significant challenges in server thermal design. This paper analyzes the cooling issues related to servers and identifies the main reasons for the limitations of thermal design in both general-purpose computing and intelligence computing servers. It also reclassifies commonly used thermal technologies based on whether the working medium changes phase. Then, this paper analyzes and introduces the core limiting factors that restrict the commercial scalability of cold-plate and immersion liquid cooling technologies,and gives an overview of the issues and prospects of common passive two-phase technologies. Finally, it proposes that cross-layer collaboration and cooperation are key factors in addressing the thermal challenges in servers.

Key words: diverse computing power, server, thermal design, liquid cooling, passive two-phase heat dissipation, cross-layer collaboration

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