量子直接通信研究进展

doi:10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2021.07.001

信息通信技术与政策 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 1-7.doi: 10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2021.07.001

Progress in quantum secure direct communication

龙桂鲁1,2,潘栋1,2

1. 清华大学低维量子物理国家重点实验室,北京 100084;
2. 北京量子信息科学研究院,北京 100193

出版日期:2021-07-15 发布日期:2021-07-28
作者简介:
龙桂鲁:清华大学低维量子物理国家重点实验室、物理系教授,北京量子信息科学研究院副院长,亚太物理联合会理事长,中国物理学会常务理事,主要研究领域为量子直接通信、量子计算和量子信息
潘栋:清华大学低维量子物理国家重点实验室、物理系博士研究生,北京量子信息科学研究院助理研究员,主要研究领域为量子直接通信和量子保密通信

LONG Guilu1,2, PAN Dong1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2. Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Online:2021-07-15 Published:2021-07-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 量子直接通信是一种在量子信道直接传输机密信息的量子保密通信技术,与经典通信实现在噪声信道下的可靠通信不同,它可实现在既有噪声又有窃听信道下的可靠和安全通信。通过阐述量子直接通信的原理、20 年来的主要发展阶段、由理论走向实用化过程中突破的技术难点,分析并展望了量子直接通信的未来发展与应用前景。

关键词: 通信安全, 量子直接通信, 搭线信道理论

Abstract: Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is a quantum secure communication technology that can directly transmit confidential information over a quantum channel. It is different from the classical communication that achieves reliable communication under noisy channels. It can achieve reliable and secure communication under both noisy and eavesdropping channels. Through explaining the principle of quantum direct communication, the main
development stages in the past 20 years, and the technical difficulties that have been broken through in the process from theory to practicality, the future development and application prospects of quantum direct communication are analyzed and prospected.

Key words: communication security, quantum direct communication, wiretap channel theory

龙桂鲁, 潘栋, . 量子直接通信研究进展[J]. 信息通信技术与政策, 2021, 47(7): 1-7.

LONG Guilu, PAN Dong, . Progress in quantum secure direct communication[J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2021, 47(7): 1-7.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文:

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/CN/10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2021.07.001

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V47/I7/1

参考文献 33

[1]	曹雪虹. 信息论与编码[M]. 清华大学出版社, 2016.
[2]	尹浩, 韩阳. 量子通信原理与技术[M]. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2013.
[3]	龙桂鲁. 量子安全直接通信原理与研究进展[J]. 信息通信技术与政策, 2020,46(7):10-19.
[4]	You X, Wang C X, Huang J, et al. Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts[J]. Science China Information Sciences, 2021,64(1):1-74.
[5]	Long G L, Liu X S. Theoretically efficient high-capacity quantum-key-distribution scheme [ J ]. Physical Review A, 2002, 65 ( 3): 032302 ( arXiv preprint quant-ph /0012056, 2000).
[6]	Horodecki R, Horodecki P, Horodecki M, et al. Quantum entanglement[J]. Reviews of Modern Physics,2009,81:865-942.
[7]	Bovino F A, Degiovanni I P. Quantum correlation bounds for optimization of quantum-information experiments: the Wigner inequality case [J]. Physical Review A, 2008,77:052110.
[8]	Deng F G, Long G L, Liu X S. Two-step quantum directcommunication protocol using the Einstein-Podolsky- Rosen pair block [ J ]. Physical Review A, 2003, 68(4):042317.
[9]	Deng F G, Long G L. Secure direct communication with a quantum one-time pad[J]. Physical Review A, 2004,69(5):052319.
[10]	Wang C, Deng F G, Li Y S, et al. Quantum secure direct communication with high-dimension quantum superdense coding [J]. Physical Review A, 2005,71(4):044305.
[11]	Zhang Z J, Li Y, Man Z X. Multiparty quantum secret sharing[J]. Physical Review A, 2005,71(4):044301.
[12]	Deng F G, Li X H, Li C Y, et al. Quantum secure direct communication network with Einstein-Podolsky- Rosen pairs [ J ]. Physics Letters A, 2006, 359 (5):359-365.
[13]	Pirandola S, Braunstein S L, Mancini S, et al. Quantum direct communication with continuous variables[J]. EPL
[14 ]	Shapiro J H, Zhang Z, Wong F N C. Secure communication via quantum illumination [J]. Quantum
	Information Processing, 2014,13(10):2171-2193.
[15]	Hu J Y, Yu B, Jing M Y, et al. Experimental quantum secure direct communication with single photons [ J ].Light: Science & Applications, 2016,5(9):e16144.
[16]	Lum D J, Howell J C, Allman M S, et al. Quantum enigma machine: experimentally demonstrating quantum
	data locking [J]. Physical Review A, 2016,94 (2):022315.
[17]	Zhang W, Ding D S, Sheng Y B, et al. Quantum secure direct communication with quantum memory [ J ].
	Physical Review Letters, 2017,118(22):220501.
[18]	Zhu F, Zhang W, Sheng Y, et al. Experimental longdistance quantum secure direct communication [ J ].
	Science Bulletin, 2017,62(22):1519-1524.
[19]	Qi R Y, Sun Z, Lin Z, et al. Implementation and security analysis of practical quantum secure direct
	communication [ J ]. Light: Science & Applications,2019,8(1):1-8.
[20 ]	Sun Z, Qi R Y, Lin Z, et al. Design and implementation of a practical quantum secure direct
	communication system [ C ] / / 2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps). IEEE, 2018:1-6.
[21]	Sun Z, Song L, Huang Q, et al. Toward practical quantum secure direct communication: a quantummemory- free protocol and code design [ J ]. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2020, 68 ( 9 ):
57	78-5792.
[22]	全国科技创新中心. 2020 中关村论坛发布重大成果:量子直接通信技术[EB / OL]. (2020-09-20) [2021-
05	-11]. http:/ / www. ncsti. gov. cn / kjdt / xwjj / 202009/t20200922_16233. html.
[23]	科学技术部. 我国科学家研制出国际上首台量子直接通信样机[ EB / OL ]. ( 2020-10-27) [ 2021-05-11]. http:/ / www. most. gov. cn / gnwkjdt / 202010/ t20201027_159407. html.
[24]	Long G L, Zhang H R. Drastic increase of channel capacity in quantum secure direct communication using masking[J]. Science Bulletin, 2021. doi. org / 10. 1016/j. scib. 2021. 04. 016.
[25]	Zhou Z R, Sheng Y B, Niu P H, et al. Measurementdevice- independent quantum secure direct communication [J]. Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy,2020,63(3):230362.
[26]	Niu P H, Zhou Z R, Lin Z S, et al. Measurement-deviceindependent quantum communication without encryption [J]. Science Bulletin, 2018,63(20):1345-1350.
[27]	Zhou L, Sheng Y B, Long G L. Device-independent quantum secure direct communication against collective attacks[J]. Science Bulletin, 2020,65(1):12-20.
[28]	Pan D, Lin Z, Wu J, et al. Experimental free-space quantum secure direct communication and its security
	analysis [ J ]. Photonics Research, 2020, 8 ( 9 ):1522-1531.
[29]	Cerè A, Lucamarini M, Giuseppe G D, et al. Experimental test of two-way quantum key distribution in the presence of controlled noise [J]. Physical Review Letters, 2006,96(20):200501.
[30]	Lucamarini M, Mancini S. Secure deterministic communication without entanglement [ J ]. Physical Review Letters, 2005,94(14):140501.
[31]	Wu J, Lin Z, Yin L, et al. Security of quantum secure direct communication based on Wyner’s wiretap channel theory[J]. Quantum Engineering, 2019,1(4):e26.
[32]	Wyner A D. The wire - tap channel[J]. Bell System Technical Journal, 1975,54(8):1355-1387.
[33]	Pan D, Li K, Ruan D, et al. Single-photon-memory two-step quantum secure direct communication relying on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs[J]. IEEE Access, 2020,8:121146-121161.