侵入式脑机接口电极检测综述

doi:10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2026.06.004

信息通信技术与政策 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (6): 23-29.doi: 10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2026.06.004

侵入式脑机接口电极检测综述

Testing methods for invasive BCI electrodes

金潇¹, 盛天成², 周洁²

¹ 电信科学技术研究院, 北京 100191
² 中国信息通信研究院知识产权与创新发展中心, 北京 100191

收稿日期:2026-05-10 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-07-06
通讯作者: 周洁,中国信息通信研究院知识产权与创新发展中心高级工程师,主要从事脑机接口、工业互联网、区块链技术等方面的研究工作
作者简介:
金潇,电信科学技术研究院硕士研究生在读,主要从事脑机接口等方面的研究工作
盛天成,中国信息通信研究院知识产权与创新发展中心工程师,主要从事脑机接口等方面的研究工作

JIN Xiao¹, SHENG Tiancheng², ZHOU Jie²

¹ China Academy of Telecommunications Technology, Beijing 100191, China
² Intellectual Property and Innovation Development Center, China Academy of Information andCommunications Technology, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2026-05-10 Online:2026-06-25 Published:2026-07-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

侵入式脑机接口电极技术易出现电学性能衰退、材料疲劳与生物排异等失效问题,需开展高效检测。基于此,首先对侵入式脑机接口中的电极检测方法进行综述;然后从电学性能、机械性能和生物相容性3个方面,分析其失效机制,总结其评价指标,梳理其检测方法;最后对侵入式脑机接口电极检测的标准化、平台化和智能化发展作出展望。

关键词: 侵入式脑机接口, 神经电极, 电极检测

Abstract:

Invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) neural electrodes are pivotal components in BCI systems, but they are prone to failures such as electrical performance degradation, material fatigue, and biological rejection, which necessitate efficient and reliable testing methods. This article provides an overview of electrode detection methods in intrusive BCI, analyzing failure mechanisms, summarizing evaluation indicators, and sorting out detection methods from three aspects: electrical performance, mechanical performance, and biocompatibility. Finally, it looks forward to the development of standardization, platformization, and intelligence in invasive BCI electrode testing.

Key words: invasive BCI, neural electrodes, electrode testing

中图分类号:

金潇, 盛天成, 周洁. 侵入式脑机接口电极检测综述[J]. 信息通信技术与政策, 2026, 52(6): 23-29.

JIN Xiao, SHENG Tiancheng, ZHOU Jie. Testing methods for invasive BCI electrodes[J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2026, 52(6): 23-29.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文:

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/CN/10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2026.06.004

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/CN/Y2026/V52/I6/23

图/表 3

参考文献 17

[1]	谢凡, 奚野, 徐庆达, 等. 面向脑机接口的犹他神经电极技术[J]. 物理化学学报, 2020, 36(12):24-35.
[2]	COGAN S F. Neural stimulation and recording electrodes[J]. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 2008, 10(1): 275-309. doi: 10.1146/bioeng.2008.10.issue-1 URL
[3]	POLIKOV V S, TRESCO P A, REICHERT W M, et al. Response of brain tissue to chronically implanted neural electrodes[J]. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2005, 148(1): 1-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.08.015 pmid: 16198003
[4]	LUDWIG K A, URAM J D, YANG J, et al. Chronic neural recordings using silicon microelectrode arrays electrochemically deposited with a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film[J]. Journal of Neural Engineering, 2006, 3(1):59. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/3/1/007 pmid: 16510943
[5]	YANG C H, CHEN B H, ZHOU J X, et al. Electroluminescence of giant stretchability[J]. Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(22): 4480-4484. doi: 10.1002/adma.201504031
[6]	SHARAFKHANI N, KOUZANI A Z, ADAMS S D, et al. Neural tissue-microelectrode interaction: brain micromotion, electrical impedance, and flexible microelectrode insertion[J]. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2022, 365:109388. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109388 URL
[7]	ZHANG W, TANG J, LI Z, et al. A novel neural electrode with micro-motion-attenuation capability based on compliant mechanisms: physical design concepts and evaluations[J]. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 2018, 56(10):1911-1923.
[8]	ZHAO H, LIU R, ZHANG H, et al. Research progress on the flexibility of an implantable neural microelectrode[J]. Micromachines, 2022, 13(3): 386. doi: 10.3390/mi13030386 URL
[9]	LIU S, ZHAO Y, HAO W, et al. Micro- and nanotechnology for neural electrode-tissue interfaces[J]. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2020, 170:112645. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112645 URL
[10]	LIU F, FU T M. Material and design strategies for chronically implantable neural probes[J]. NPG Asia Materials, 2025, 17: 32. doi: 10.1038/s41427-025-00613-8
[11]	BOUADI O, TAY T L. More than cell markers: understanding heterogeneous glial responses to implantable neural devices[J]. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2021, 15: 658992. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.658992 URL
[12]	LEYH J, PAESCHKE S, MAGES B, et al. Classification of microglial morphological phenotypes using machine learning[J]. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2021, 15:701673. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.701673 URL
[13]	SPELLICY S E, SCHEULIN K M, BAKER E W, et al. Semi-automated cell and tissue analyses reveal regionally specific morphological alterations of immune and neural cells in a porcine MCAO model of stroke[J]. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2020, 14: 600441. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2020.600441 URL
[14]	FRANKS W, SCHENKER I, SCHMUTZ P, et al. Impedance characterization and modeling of electrodes for biomedical applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2005, 52(7): 1295-1302. pmid: 16041993
[15]	STILLER A M, BLACK B J, KUNG C, et al. A meta-analysis of intracortical device stiffness and its correlation with histological outcomes[J]. Micromachines, 2018, 9(9): 443. doi: 10.3390/mi9090443 URL
[16]	LI S Y, TSENG H Y, CHEN B W, et al. Proof of concept for sustainable manufacturing of neural electrode array for in vivo recording[J]. Biosensors, 2023, 13(2):280. doi: 10.3390/bios13020280 URL
[17]	FRANKLIN M E, BENNETT C, ARBOITE M, et al. Activation of inflammasomes and their effects on neuroinflammation at the microelectrode-tissue interface in intracortical implants[J]. Biomaterials, 2023, 297:122102. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122102 URL

侵入式脑机接口电极检测综述

Testing methods for invasive BCI electrodes

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 3

参考文献 17

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价