太赫兹无线信道的测量、建模和分析*

doi:10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2022.09.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

太赫兹通信有望成为第六代移动通信网络的关键技术之一。为实现太赫兹通信,对太赫兹无线传播信道的研究不可或缺。首先,介绍了3种主要的太赫兹信道测量方法,包括基于矢量网络分析仪的频域信道测量、基于滑动相关的时域信道测量和基于太赫兹脉冲的时域信道测量;其次,对现有的信道建模方法进行了介绍和分析,包括确定性建模、随机建模和混合建模方法;然后,基于现有的太赫兹信道测量结果,分析总结了太赫兹频段的信道特性;最后,阐述了太赫兹无线信道领域潜在的研究方向。

关键词: 太赫兹通信, 信道测量, 信道模型, 信道特性

Abstract:

Terahertz (0.1~10 THz) communications are envisioned as a key technology for sixth generation (6G) wireless systems. The study of underlying THz wireless propagation channels provides the foundations for the development of reliable THz communication systems and their applications. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the study of THz wireless channels. First, the three most popular THz channel measurement methodologies, namely, frequency-domain channel measurement based on a vector network analyzer (VNA), time-domain channel measurement based on sliding correlation, and time-domain channel measurement based on THz pulses from time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), are introduced and compared. Then, existing channel modeling methodologies are categorized into deterministic, stochastic, and hybrid approaches. Next, an in-depth review of channel characteristics in the THz band is presented. Finally, open problems and future research directions for research studies on THz wireless channels for 6G are elaborated.

Key words: terahertz communications, channel measurements, channel simulators, channel models, channel characterization

中图分类号:

TN929.11

李元博, 王依勤, 韩充. 太赫兹无线信道的测量、建模和分析^*[J]. 信息通信技术与政策, 2022, 48(9): 34-49.

LI Yuanbo, WANG Yiqin, HAN Chong. A comprehensive survey on terahertz channel measurement, modeling, and analysis[J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2022, 48(9): 34-49.

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链接本文:

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/CN/10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2022.09.005

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V48/I9/34

图/表 10

参考文献 70

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测量系统种类	基于矢网的测量系统	基于滑动相关法的测量系统	直接脉冲测量系统
测量域	频域	时域	时域
测量距离	受限于线缆连接	受限于传播衰减	受限于脉冲功率
收发机有线连接	需要	不需要	需要
收发机同步	有线连接保证同步	需要	需要
测量带宽	大(≥10 GHz)	小(<10 GHz)	超大(<10 THz)
测量速度	慢	快	很快
复杂度	低	高	中等

测量系统种类	基于矢网的测量系统	基于滑动相关法的测量系统	直接脉冲测量系统
测量域	频域	时域	时域
测量距离	受限于线缆连接	受限于传播衰减	受限于脉冲功率
收发机有线连接	需要	不需要	需要
收发机同步	有线连接保证同步	需要	需要
测量带宽	大(≥10 GHz)	小(<10 GHz)	超大(<10 THz)
测量速度	慢	快	很快
复杂度	低	高	中等

方法	确定性建模		随机性建模	混合建模
方法	RT	FDTD	随机性建模	RT-FDTD	确定-随机混合
优点	高精度	超高精度	低复杂度	高精度	精度与复杂度适中
优点	复杂度适中	高空间分辨率	高泛用性	高精度	泛用性强
缺点	需要详细的环境信息		低精确性	需要环境和材料信息	依赖大量测量结果来参数化
缺点	—	计算资源消耗大	低精确性	需要环境和材料信息	依赖大量测量结果来参数化
适用场景	室内、移动场景、UM-MIMO	设备内部通信、片上通信	室内、室外、移动场景	室内、设备内部通信	室内、室外、移动场景、UM-MIMO

方法	确定性建模		随机性建模	混合建模
方法	RT	FDTD	随机性建模	RT-FDTD	确定-随机混合
优点	高精度	超高精度	低复杂度	高精度	精度与复杂度适中
优点	复杂度适中	高空间分辨率	高泛用性	高精度	泛用性强
缺点	需要详细的环境信息		低精确性	需要环境和材料信息	依赖大量测量结果来参数化
缺点	—	计算资源消耗大	低精确性	需要环境和材料信息	依赖大量测量结果来参数化
适用场景	室内、移动场景、UM-MIMO	设备内部通信、片上通信	室内、室外、移动场景	室内、设备内部通信	室内、室外、移动场景、UM-MIMO