Information and Communications Technology and Policy

 Information and Communications Technology and Policy

Information and Communications Technology and Policy ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (9): 2-8.doi: 10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2026.09.001

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Sensing-communication-computing-control closed loop for 6G unmanned operations: model, metric, and network design

WANG Yanmin1, FENG Wei2, DONG Chao3, REN Baoquan4, DUAN Xiangyang5,6   

  1. 1 School of Information Engineering, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
    2 Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    3 College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
    4 China Electronic System Engineering Company, Beijing 100101, China
    5 School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
    6 ZTE Corporation, Shenzhen 518055, China
  • Received:2026-08-26 Online:2026-09-25 Published:2026-09-30
  • Contact: FENG Wei

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Abstract:

In the 6G era, the demand for collaborative operations among heterogeneous intelligent agents, such as robots and unmanned aerial vehicles, is growing rapidly. Traditional network design approaches that treat communication links as the fundamental unit and prioritize transmission performance metrics such as data rate are encountering bottlenecks. Unmanned operations are often carried out in the form of a reflex-arc-like closed loop of “Sensing-Communication-Computing-Control” (SC3). This paper presents a survey based on a new model that takes the SC3 closed loop as the basic unit, introduces new metrics including the closed-loop negentropy rate and new network elements such as the edge information hub, elaborates a novel framework for closed-loop-oriented network optimization design, and discusses future development directions.

Key words: 6G, sensing-communication-computing-control closed loop, heterogeneous agents, closed-loop negentropy rate, edge information hub

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