Analysis of information security threats for quantum computing and countermeasures

doi:10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2024.07.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Quantum computing has been theoretically proven to have a public key cryptography cracking capability that far exceeds that of classical computing. In recent years, the rapid development of quantum computing has triggered the information security threat of public key cryptography, which has become raising concern for the global information security authorities and the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) industries. This paper first analyzes the information security threats and impacts of quantum computing. Then, it discusses the technical characteristics and application trends of the two main countermeasures, namely, post quantum cryptography (PQC) and quantum key distribution (QKD). Finally, it puts forward the development suggestions for dealing with the information security threats of quantum computing.

Key words: quantum computing, information security, PQC, QKD

CLC Number:

TN918

LAI Junsen, ZHAO Wenyu, ZHANG Haiyi. Analysis of information security threats for quantum computing and countermeasures[J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2024, 50(7): 24-29.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL:

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/EN/10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2024.07.004

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/EN/Y2024/V50/I7/24

References 13

[1]	CHEN L, JORDAN S, LIU Y, et al. Report on post-quantum cryptography[R/OL]. (2016-04-28)[2024-05-09]. https://www.nist.gov/publications/report-post-quantum-cryptography.
[2]	BERNSTEIN D, LANGE T. Post-quantum cryptography[J]. Nature, 2017,549:188-194.
[3]	Deloitte US,. Harvest now, decrypt later attacks pose a security concern as organizations consider implications of quantum computing[R], 2022.
[4]	RAND Corporation. Securing communications in the quantum computing age[R], 2020.
[5]	中国信息通信研究院. 量子信息技术发展与应用研究报告(2023年)[R], 2023.
[6]	REGEV O. An efficient quantum factoring algorithm[J]. arXiv Preprint, arXiv:2308.06572v3, 2024.
[7]	RAGAVAN S, VAIKUNTANATHAN V. Space-efficient and noise-robust quantum factoring[J]. arXiv Preprint, arXiv:2310.00899v3, 2024.
[8]	ETSI. Quantum safe cryptography and security[R], 2015.
[9]	NIST. Comments requested on three draft FIPS for post-quantum cryptography[R], 2023.
[10]	CISA, NSA, and NIST. Quantum-readiness: migration to post-quantum cryptography[R], 2023.
[11]	CHEN Y L. Quantum algorithms for lattice problems[EB/OL]. (2024-04-18)[2024-04-20]. https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/555.pdf.
[12]	BAMBURY H, NGUYEN P Q. Improved provable reduction of NTRU and hypercubic lattices[M]//SAARINEN MJ., SMITH-TONE D. (eds.). Post-Quantum Cryptography. Springer Cham, 2024:343-370.
[13]	ISO IEC. Post-quantum cryptography[R], 2020.

[1]	LYU Pin, YUAN Tao. Application ecosystem construction and development suggestions for quantum computing cloud platforms [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2024, 50(7): 18-23.
[2]	MIAO Yajun, DONG Peng, LI Minghan, MA Zhangchao, QI Wei. Overview of quantum secure communication technology for time-sensitive networking [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2024, 50(7): 2-8.
[3]	HE Linlin, ZHANG Qian. Patent situation analysis and development suggestions for quantum information technology [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2024, 50(7): 30-38.
[4]	WANG Jing, ZHANG Meng, LI Fang. Analysis of quantum computing technology and industrial development trends [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2024, 50(7): 39-47.
[5]	JIA Yu, ZHANG Bowen. Research on quantum computing technology development and innovation [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2024, 50(7): 69-75.
[6]	ZHANG Meng, WANG Jing, HUANG Zhiguo, QIAN Ling. Research on current situation and trend of quantum-classical fused computing development [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2024, 50(7): 9-17.
[7]	WU Linna, SONG Kai, WANG Songhe. The challenges and response strategies of generative artificial intelligence for personal information security [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2024, 50(1): 13-18.
[8]	ZHAO Wending, CAI Minglei, MEI Quanxin, YAO Lin, YANG Haoxiang. Research and application of trapped-ion quantum computing [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2023, 49(7): 17-26.
[9]	LI Zhuoying, DENG Ziyi, ZHOU Zhuojun, QIU Daowen, ZHU Feng, LUO Le. Development and application of distributed quantum computing with trapped ions [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2023, 49(7): 2-8.
[10]	ZHANG Meng, WANG Jing, ZHAO Wenyu, ZHANG Haiyi. Architecture and development of quantum computing cloud platform [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2023, 49(7): 27-35.
[11]	FU Yaobin, ZHOU Hui. Overview of hybrid quantum-classical computing development [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2023, 49(7): 36-43.
[12]	WANG Jing, ZHANG Meng, LI Fang, ZHANG Haiyi. Analysis of technology and application development of quantum computing [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2023, 49(7): 9-16.
[13]	ZHANG Yang, ZHANG Yan, PENG Huaxi, CHEN Lei, LI Bangling, MA Ailiang. Thinking about security assessment of cryptography development in basic telecom enterprises [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2023, 49(1): 52-57.
[14]	WANG Wei, CAO Jing, CHENG Geng, LI Xueying. Research on reducing the impact of automated decision on personal information security [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2022, 48(8): 52-58.
[15]	WANG Jing, LI Hongyang, ZHAO Wenyu. Analysis of the technology research and application exploration of quantum computing [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2022, 48(7): 20-27.