Research on key technologies and industrial ecosystem of AI glasses

doi:10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2026.03.008

Abstract

Abstract:

The deep integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies is driving AI glasses to progressively transform from proof-of-concept to commercialization, demonstrating significant application potential and commercial value across fields such as consumer electronics, industrial manufacturing, and healthcare. Based on a systematic review of the latest industry trends, this paper provides an in-depth study of the recent advancements in five key technological areas of AI glasses: hardware miniaturization, software algorithm optimization, human factors engineering, large model integration, and multimodal interaction. It also offers a comprehensive analysis of the industrial chain structure, market growth potential, current state of the content ecosystem, and mass-production challenges.

Key words: AI glasses, AR, optical waveguide, micro-display, multimodal interaction, human factors engineering, industrial ecosystem

CLC Number:

LUO Min, FU Rongrong, ZHOU Jialin. Research on key technologies and industrial ecosystem of AI glasses[J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2026, 52(3): 50-57.

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URL:

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/EN/10.12267/j.issn.2096-5931.2026.03.008

http://ictp.caict.ac.cn/EN/Y2026/V52/I3/50

Figures/Tables 1

References 10

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技术维度	参数项	几何光波导	衍射光波导
几何尺寸	厚度	相对较厚,1.5~5 mm(采用不同的基底材料,厚度不同)	相对较薄,0.5~1.5 mm(采用不同的基底材料,厚度不同)
	视场角	相对较小,量产产品通常为20°~30°	相对更广,可达30°~50°
	外观形态	框体较厚重,难以实现普通眼镜形态融合	外观更接近传统眼镜,利于消费级产品设计
光学性能	光效	较高,可达15%~25%	单层结构约为5%~10%,多层堆叠后可提升至15%以上
	图像质量	无彩虹效应,图像清晰度高	单层波导片存在彩虹效应,通过多层波导或优化光栅结构优化
	彩色显示能力	易实现全彩显示	实现全彩显示难度较高,需多层或复杂光栅设计
制造工艺与成本	制造工艺	依赖精密光学贴合与胶合,工艺复杂	采用半导体光刻或纳米压印,多层叠加会增加工艺复杂度
	生产良率与自动化	对镜片平行度要求高,良率低,难以全自动化生产	量产一致性较好,易于自动化,单片成本随规模扩大显著下降
	成本结构	制造成本高,居高不下	母版制作成本高,但规模化后单片成本优势明显

技术维度	参数项	几何光波导	衍射光波导
几何尺寸	厚度	相对较厚,1.5~5 mm(采用不同的基底材料,厚度不同)	相对较薄,0.5~1.5 mm(采用不同的基底材料,厚度不同)
	视场角	相对较小,量产产品通常为20°~30°	相对更广,可达30°~50°
	外观形态	框体较厚重,难以实现普通眼镜形态融合	外观更接近传统眼镜,利于消费级产品设计
光学性能	光效	较高,可达15%~25%	单层结构约为5%~10%,多层堆叠后可提升至15%以上
	图像质量	无彩虹效应,图像清晰度高	单层波导片存在彩虹效应,通过多层波导或优化光栅结构优化
	彩色显示能力	易实现全彩显示	实现全彩显示难度较高,需多层或复杂光栅设计
制造工艺与成本	制造工艺	依赖精密光学贴合与胶合,工艺复杂	采用半导体光刻或纳米压印,多层叠加会增加工艺复杂度
	生产良率与自动化	对镜片平行度要求高,良率低,难以全自动化生产	量产一致性较好,易于自动化,单片成本随规模扩大显著下降
	成本结构	制造成本高,居高不下	母版制作成本高,但规模化后单片成本优势明显

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